What Size Power Station Do You Need to Run a Refrigerator?

What this guide covers

A worksheet-first way to estimate a refrigerator’s backup needs. The details depend on your home, equipment and the information on your own bill or appliance label.

Step 1: Find your refrigerator’s energy use

Look for the yellow EnergyGuide label or the model’s ENERGY STAR listing, which shows estimated yearly electricity use in kWh. Divide by 365 for a daily figure. Real use is higher in hot kitchens and when the door is opened often.

Step 2: Check running and startup watts

The nameplate inside the fridge lists volts and amps or watts. Running watts are roughly volts × amps. When the compressor starts it briefly draws more than its running power, so check that the power station’s surge (peak) rating is comfortably above it. The manufacturer can confirm the startup figure.

Step 3: Size the battery

Multiply daily watt-hours by the number of days you want to cover, then allow for inverter losses. A common rule of thumb is to treat only about 80–85% of the rated capacity as usable; check your power station’s specifications.

Example only: 1,640 Wh per day ÷ 0.85 ≈ 1,930 Wh of rated capacity for about one day. Your numbers will differ.

Safety notes

Battery power stations do not burn fuel, but follow the manufacturer’s instructions for ventilation, charging and extension cords. If you use a fuel-burning generator instead, run it outdoors only, at least 20 feet from the home, as CPSC advises.